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Vliv vybraných potravin na hladinu glykémie
Habánová, Veronika
The thesis deals with the measurement of glucose levels at regular intervals in a selected group of volunteers after the consumption of breakfast cereals in combination with milk products. The theoretical part is devoted to the basic components of the diet and their digestion and metabolism. It also deals with the regulation of blood glucose level, methods for measuring glycemia, disorders related to metabolism of carbohydrates and the concepts of the glycemic index, glycemic load. The aim of the practical part was to find out how your chosen breakfast cereal in combination with dairy products have an effect on blood glucose levels in a selected group of volunteers. 16 students of the Mendel university in Brno were attended the experimental measurements. The students measured on the InBody, in order to determine composition of the human body. The level of blood glucose was always measured in time 0 (fasting), 60, 90 and 120 minutes from the beginning of the consumption of the food. Statistically significant difference was shown from measured values of blood glucose in 60. and 90. minute between the glucose solution, and breakfast cereals (P < 0.05).
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Endocrine and Metabolic Aspects of Various Sleep Disorders
Vimmerová-Lattová, Zuzana ; Anders, Martin (advisor) ; Praško, Ján (referee) ; Šonka, Karel (referee)
Endocrine and Metabolic Aspects of Various Sleep Disorders MUDr. Zuzana Vimmerová Lattová Abstract: Recent epidemiological and experimental data suggest a negative influence of shortened or disturbed night sleep on glucose tolerance. However, no comparative studies of glucose metabolism have been conducted in clinical sleep disorders. Dysfunction of the HPA axis may play a causative role in some sleep disorders and in other sleep disorders it may be secondary to the sleep disorder. Moreover, dysfunction of the HPA axis is regarded as a possible causative factor for the impaired glucose sensitivity associated with disturbed sleep. However, data on HPA system activity in sleep disorders are sparse and conflicting. We studied 25 obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients, 18 restless legs syndrome (RLS) patients, 21 patients with primary insomnia and compared them to 33 healthy controls. We performed oral glucose tolerance test and assessed additional parameters of glucose metabolism. The dynamic response of the HPA system was assessed by the DEX-CRH-test which combines suppression (dexamethasone) and stimulation (CRH) of the stress hormone system. Compared to controls, increased rates of impaired glucose tolerance were found in OSA (OR: 4.9) and RLS (OR: 4.7), but not in primary insomnia. In addition, HbA1c...
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Screening of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy by oral glucose tolerance test.
HAUSEROVÁ, Ivana
The theme of bachelors thesis is screening of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy by laboratory examination of oral glucose tolerance test. The introductory part is devoted to the history, the definition of diabetes, causes of disease, complications, diagnosis, treatment, and even the importance of this test for pregnant women. Currently, testing is performed on all pregnant women at 24th 28th week of pregnancy. The exception are women who are found in at least two risk factors in history: family history of diabetes, fetal birth weight greater than 4000 g, obesity, diabetes mellitus in previous pregnancies, the presence of sugar in the urine (glycosuria), previous stillbirth, hypertension or preeclampsia in previous pregnancies, recurrent miscarriages. Those women are considered as high risk and oral glucose tolerance test is done as soon as possible in the first trimester. The practical part is focused on the implementation of oral glucose tolerance test and includes pre-analytical, analytical and postanalytical stage. Here I am trying to identify possible mistakes in the laboratory setting in all its phases. This section includes the results of measurements between 26 January 2011 and 24 April 2011 in a clinical laboratory Tabor There were 108 examined women. In this measurement I found out the number of women with gestational diabetes mellitus and compared it with the available literature. The measurement of blood glucose was carried out on biochemical ADVIA 1800 Chemistry Systems from Siemens. The principle of the method is Trinders reactions with glucose oxidase. Glucose is determined after enzymatic oxidation in the presence of glucose oxidase. The generated hydrogen peroxide reacts with peroxidase catalyzed the phenol and 4-aminophenazone, and thereby forming a reddish-purple as an indicator dye, whose concentration is determined photometrically. Wavelength measurements 505/694nm. The intensity of the resulting compound is directly proportional to glucose concentration. To answer the research question, what is the relationship between the number of risk factos and the number of captured women with gestational diabetes mellitus in the selected file, I used printed questionnaire, where I examined the representation of individual risk factors. These important faeks I had put to clearly chart. The questionnaire filled my clients during the time that they spent in the examination of oGTT in the waiting room KLT.
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Diagnostics of diabetes mellitus in adults including pregnant
ŠTĚRBOVÁ, Eva
Diabetes mellitus is worldwide spread chronical disease which affects both sexes and all age groups. If the disease is not treated it can cause hard damage to various systems or even kill. The thesis is divided into two parts. The objective of the first, theoretical part, was to bring closer the problems of diabetes mellitus, its classification and complications. Simultaneously, the possibilities of laboratory diagnostics of the disease were described. The objective of the second, empirical part was to assess if glycohemoglobin was a suitable compensation of oral glucose tolerance test as a marker of impaired glucose tolerance. For the thesis the data of 94 patients investigated at the Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry in Nemocnice České Budějovice, a. s. (Hospital České Budějovice Inc.) were used. The patients were divided into two groups: the group called ``Pregnant{\crqq} (51 pregnant women) and the group called ``Others`` (43 people). In both groups oral glucose tolerance test was carried out and glycohemoglobin was determined. The level of glucose in blood was determined by a fotometric enzymatic method at the analyzer ADVIA 1650 Chemistry system, glycohemoglobin was determined by effective liquid chromatography at the analyzer TOSOH A1c 2.2 (HLC 723 Ghb V, G5). The group of pregnant cannot be reliably evaluated because only one woman was diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus according to oral glucose tolerance test. In the group of Others impaired glucose tolerance according to oral glucose tolerance test was proved in 14 individuals, 5 of them had increased glycohemoglobin and 9 individuals had glycohemoglobin in referential range. Diagnostic sensitivity, specificity a effectiveness at cut off 4,0 % was counted for glycohemoglobin. Sensitivity was 36 %, specificity 96 % and effectiveness 73 %. The results show that the use of oral glucose tolerance test as a marker of impaired glucose tolerance is still more suitable than the use of glycohemoglobin which does not have sufficient sensitivity for the diagnosis of the disease.
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